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system-design-101/data/guides/how-does-a-typical-push-notification-system-work.md
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How Does a Typical Push Notification System Work? Explore the architecture of a typical push notification system. https://assets.bytebytego.com/diagrams/0042-design-a-notification-push-system.png 2024-02-24 false
real-world-case-studies
System Design
Notifications

The diagram above shows the architecture of a notification system that covers major notification channels:

  • In-App notifications
  • Email notifications
  • SMS and OTP notifications
  • Social media pushes

Lets walk through the steps.

  • Steps 1.1 and 1.2 - The business services send notifications to the notification gateway. The gateway can handle two modes: one mode receives one notification each time, and the other receives notifications in batches.
  • Steps 2, 2.1, and 2.2 - The notification gateway forwards the notifications to the distribution service, where the messages are validated, formatted, and scheduled based on settings. The notification template repository allows users to pre-define the message format. The channel preference repository allows users to pre-define the preferred delivery channels.
  • Step 3 - The notifications are then sent to the routers, normally message queues.
  • Step 4 - The channel services communicate with various internal and external delivery channels, including in-app notifications, email delivery, SMS delivery, and social media apps.
  • Steps 5 and 6 - The delivery metrics are captured by the notification tracking and analytics service, where the operations team can view the analytical reports and improve user experiences.